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www.irf.com 1 ahp270xxd series the ahp series of dc/dc converters feature highpower density without derating over the full military temperature range. this series is offered as lower cost alternatives to the legendary afl series with improved performance for new design applications. the ahps are form, fit and functional replacement to the afl series. the new ahp series offers a full compliment of single and dual output voltages operating from nominal +28v or +270v inputs with output power ranging from 66w to 120w. for applications requiring higher output power, multiple converters can be operated in parallel. the internal current sharing circuits assure equal current distribution among the paralleled converters. same as the afl the ahp series incorporates international rectifiers proprietary magnetic pulse feedback technology providing optimum dynamic line and load regulation response. this feedback system samples the output voltage at the pulse width modulator fixed clock frequency, nominally 550khz. multiple converters can be synchronized to a system clock in the 500khz to 700khz range or to the synchronization output of one converter. undervoltage lockout, primary and secondary referenced inhibit, soft-start and load fault protection are provided on all models. description 160v to 400v input range 5v, 12v, and 15v outputs available high power density - up to 70w/in 3 up to 100w output power parallel operation with power sharing low profile (0.380") seam welded package ceramic feedthru copper core pins high efficiency - to 87% full military temperature range continuous short circuit and overload protection output voltage trim primary and secondary referenced inhibit functions line rejection > 60 db - dc to 50khz external synchronization port fault tolerant design single output versions available features 270v input, dual output these converters are hermetically packaged in twoenclosure variations, utilizing copper core pins to minimize resistive dc losses. three lead styles are available, each fabricated with international rectifiers rugged ceramic lead-to-package seal assuring long term hermeticity in the most harsh environments. manufactured in a facility fully qualified to mil-prf- 38534, these converters are fabricated utilizing dscc qualified processes. for available screening options, refer to device screening table in the data sheet. variations in electrical, mechanical and screening can be accommodated. contact ir santa clara for special requirements. ahp hybrid-high reliabilitydc/dc converter pd-97182a downloaded from: http:///
2 www.irf.com ahp270xxd series specificationsstatic characteristics -55c < t case < +125c, 160v < v in < 400v unless otherwise specified. for notes to specifications, refer to page 4 input voltage -0.5v to +500vdc soldering temperature 300c for 10 seconds operating case temperature -55c to +125c storage case temperature -65c to +135c absolute maximum ratings parameter group a subgroups test conditions min nom max unit input voltage note 6 160 270 400 v output voltage ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d 1 1 1 1 1 1 2, 3 2, 3 2, 3 2, 3 2, 3 2, 3 v in = 270 volts, 100% load positive output negative output positive output negative output positive output negative output positive output negative output positive output negative output positive output negative output 4.95 -5.05 11.88 -12.12 14.85 -15.15 4.90 -5.10 11.76 -12.24 14.70 -15.30 5.00 -5.00 12.00 -12.00 15.00 -15.00 5.05 -4.95 12.12 -11.88 15.15 -14.85 5.10 -4.90 12.24 -11.76 15.30 -14.70 v output current ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d v in = 160, 270, 400 volts - notes 6, 11 either output either output either output 12.8 6.4 5.3 a output power ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d total of both outputs - notes 6,11 80 96 100 w maximum capacitive load each output - note 1 5,000 f output voltage temperature coefficient v in = 270 volts, 100% load - notes 1, 6 -0.015 +0.015 %/c output voltage regulation line load cross ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 notes 10, 13 no load, 50% load, 100% load v in = 160, 270, 400 volts. v in = 160, 270, 400 volts - note 12 positive output negative output positive output negative output positive output negative output -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -8.0 -1.0 -5.0 -1.0 -5.0 +0.5 +1.0 +1.0 +8.0 +1.0 +5.0 +1.0 +5.0 % downloaded from: http:///
www.irf.com 3 ahp270xxd series static characteristics (continued) for notes to specifications, refer to page 4 parameter group a subgroups test conditions min nom max unit output ripple voltage ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 v in = 160, 270, 400 volts, 100% load, bw = 10mhz 60 80 80 mv pp input current no load inhibit 1 inhibit 2 1 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 v in = 270 volts i out = 0 pin 4 shorted to pin 2 pin 12 shorted to pin 8 13 15 3.0 5.0 ma input ripple current ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 v in = 270 volts, 100% load 60 70 80 ma pp current limit point expressed as a percentage of full rated load 1 2 3 v out = 90% v nom , current split equally on positive and negative outputs note 5 115 105 105 125 125 125 % load fault power dissipation overload or short circuit 1, 2, 3 v in = 270 volts 33 w efficiency ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 v in = 270 volts, 100% load 78 82 83 82 85 87 % enable inputs (inhibit function) converter off sink current converter on sink current 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 logical low on pin 4 or pin 12 note 1 logical high on pin 4 and pin 12 - note 9 note 1 -0.5 2.0 0.8 100 50 100 v a v a switching frequency 1, 2, 3 500 550 600 khz synchronization input frequency range pulse amplitude, hi pulse amplitude, lo pulse rise time pulse duty cycle 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3 note 1 note 1 500 2.0 -0.5 20 700 10 0.8 100 80 khz v v ns % isolation 1 input to output or any pin to case (except pin 3). test @ 500vdc 100 m ? device weight slight variations with case style 85 g mtbf mil-hdbk-217f, aif @ t c = 40c 300 khrs downloaded from: http:///
4 www.irf.com ahp270xxd series dynamic characteristics -55c < t case < +125c, v in =270v unless otherwise specified. notes to specifications: 1. parameters not 100% tested but are guaranteed to the limits specified in the table. 2. recovery time is measured from the initiation of the transient to where v out has returned to within 1.0% of v out at 50% load. 3. line transient transition time 100 s. 4. turn-on delay is measured with an input voltage rise time of between 100v and 500v per msec. 5. current limit point is that condition of excess load causing output voltage to drop to 90% of nominal. 6. parameter verified as part of another test. 7. all electrical tests are performed with the remote sense leads connected to the output leads at the load. 8. load transient transition time 10 s. 9. enable inputs internally pulled high. nominal open circuit voltage 4.0vdc. 10. load current split equally between +v out and -v out . 11. output load must be distributed so that a minimum of 20% of the total output power is being provided by one of the outputs. 12. cross regulation measured with load on tested output at 30% of maximum load while changing the load on other output from 30% to 70%. 13. all tests at no-load are performed after start-up of the converter. the converter may fail to start when the output load is less than 1.0w. under these circumstances, the converters start-up circuitry will continue to cycle untilan adequate load is present. parameter group a subgroups test conditions min nom max unit load transient response ahp27005d amplitude either output recovery amplitude recovery AHP27012D amplitude either output recovery amplitude recovery ahp27015d amplitude either output recovery amplitude recovery 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 notes 2, 8 load step 50% ? 100% load step 10% ? 50% 10% ? 50% 50% ? 10% load step 50% ? 100% load step 10% ? 50% 10% ? 50% 50% ? 10% load step 50% ? 100% load step 10% ? 50% 10% ? 50% 50% ? 10% -450 -450 -750 -750 -750 -750 450 200 450 200 400 750 200 750 200 400 750 200 750 200 400 mv s mv s s mv s mv s s mv s mv s s line transient response amplitude recovery notes 1, 2, 3 v in step = 160 ? 400 volts -500 500 500 mv s turn-on characteristics overshoot delay 4, 5, 6 4, 5, 6 note 4 enable 1, 2 on. (pins 4, 12 high or open) 50 5.0 75 10 120 % ms load fault recovery same as turn on characteristics. line rejection mil-std-461d, cs101, 30hz to 50khz - note 1 60 70 db downloaded from: http:///
www.irf.com 5 ahp270xxd series block diagram figure i. ahp dual output figure ii. enable input equivalent circuit pin 4 or pin 12 1n4148 100k 290k 150k 2n3904 +5.6v disable pin 2 or pin 8 circuit operation and application information dc input enable 1 input filter sync input primary bias supply control sync output input return case 4 1 5 6 32 error amp & ref output filter current sense output filter share amplifier + output output return -output share enable 2 trim 78 9 1112 10 the switched voltage impressed on the secondary outputtransformer windings is rectified and filtered to provide the positive and negative converter output voltages. an error amplifier on the secondary side compares the positive output voltage to a precision reference and generates an error signal proportional to the difference. this error signal is magnetically coupled through the feedback transformer into the control section of the converter varying the pulse width of the square wave signal driving the mosfets, narrowing the pulse width if the output voltage is too high and widening it if it is too low. these pulse width variations provide the necessary corrections to regulate the magnitude of output voltage within its specified limits. because the primary and secondary sides are coupled bymagnetic elements, full isolation from input to output is achieved. although incorporating several sophisticated and usefulancilliary features, basic operation of the ahp270xxd series can be initiated by simply applying an input voltage to pins 1 and 2 and connecting the appropriate loads between pins 7, 8, and 9. of course, operation of any converter with high power density should not be attempted before secure attachment to an appropriate heat dissipator. (see thermal considerations, page 7) inhibiting converter output (enable) the ahp series of converters employ a forward switchedmode converter topology. (refer to figure i.) operation of the device is initiated when a dc voltage whose magnitude is within the specified input limits is applied between pins 1 and 2. if pins 4 and 12 are enabled (at a logical 1 or open) the primary bias supply will begin generating a regulated housekeeping voltage bringing the circuitry on the primary side of the converter to life. two power mosfets used to chop the dc input voltage into a high frequency square wave, apply this chopped voltage to the power transformer. as this switching is initiated, a voltage is impressed on a second winding of the power transformer which is then rectified and applied to the primary bias supply. when this occurs, the input voltage is excluded from the bias voltage generator and the primary bias voltage becomes internally generated. as an alternative to application and removal of the dc voltageto the input, the user can control the converter output by providing ttl compatible, positive logic signals to either of two enable pins (pin 4 or 12). the distinction between these two signal ports is that enable 1 (pin 4) is referenced to the input return (pin 2) while enable 2 (pin 12) is referenced to the output return (pin 8). thus, the user has access to an inhibit function on either side of the isolation barrier. each port is internally pulled high so that when not used, an open connection on both enable pins permits normal converter operation. when their use is desired, a logical low on either port will shut the converter down.
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6 www.irf.com ahp270xxd series figure iii. preferred connection for parallel operation synchronization of multiple converters parallel operation-current and stress sharing internally, these ports differ slightly in their function. in use,a low on enable 1 completely shuts down all circuits in the converter, while a low on enable 2 shuts down the secondary side while altering the controller duty cycle to near zero. externally, the use of either port is transparent to the user save for minor differences in idle current. (see specification table). when operating multiple converters, system requirements often dictate operation of the converters at a common frequency. to accommodate this requirement, the ahp series converters provide both a synchronization input and output. the sync input port permits synchronization of an ahp converter to any compatible external frequency source operating between 500khz and 700khz. this input signal should be referenced to the input return and have a 10% to 90% duty cycle. compatibility requires transition times less than 100ns, maximum low level of +0.8v and a minimum high level of +2.0v. the sync output of another converter which has been designated as the master oscillator provides a convenient frequency source for this mode of operation. when external synchronization is not indicated, the sync in pin should be left unconnected thereby permitting the converter to operate at its own internally set frequency. the sync output signal is a continuous pulse train set at 550 50khz, with a duty cycle of 15 5.0%. this signal is referenced to the input return and has been tailored to be compatible with the ahp sync input port. transition times are less than 100ns and the low level output impedance is less than 50 ? . this signal is active when the dc input voltage is within the specified operating range and theconverter is not inhibited. this synch output has adequate drive reserve to synchronize at least five additional converters. a typical synchronization connection option is illustrated in figure iii. figure iii. illustrates the preferred connection scheme foroperation of a set of ahp converters with outputs operating in parallel. use of this connection permits equal current sharing among the members of a set whose load current exceeds the capacity of an individual ahp. an important feature of the ahp series operating in the parallel mode is that inaddition to sharing the current, the stress induced by temperature will also be shared. thus if one member of a paralleled set is operating at a higher case temperature, the current it provides to the load will be reduced as compensation for the temperature induced stress on that device. power input (other converters) share bus 16 7 12 - output enable 2 + output return trim share vin rtn case enable 1 sync out sync in 16 7 12 - output enable 2 + output return trim share vin rtn case enable 1 sync out sync in 16 7 12 - output enable 2 + output return trim share vin rtn case enable 1 sync out sync in optional synchronization connection to positive load to negative load ahp ahp ahp downloaded from: http:///
www.irf.com 7 ahp270xxd series a conservative aid to estimating the total heat sink surfacearea (a heat sink ) required to set the maximum case temperature rise ( ? t) above ambient temperature is given by the following expression: a heat sink ?? ? ?? ? ? ? ? t p 80 30 085 143 . . . where ? t pp eff out = == ? ?? ? ?? ? case temperature rise above ambient device dissipation in watts 1 1 ? t = 85 - 25 = 60c and the required heat sink area is from the specification table, the worst case full loadefficiency for this device is 83% @ 100w: thus, power dissipation at full load is given by because of the incorporation of many innovativetechnological concepts, the ahp series of converters is capable of providing very high output power from a package of very small volume. these magnitudes of power density can only be obtained by combining high circuit efficiency with effective methods of heat removal from the die junctions. this requirement has been effectively addressed inside the device; but when operating at maximum loads, a significant amount of heat will be generated and this heat must be conducted away from the case. to maintain the case temperature at or below the specified maximum of 125c, this heat must be transferred by conduction to an appropriate heat dissipater held in intimate contact with the converter base-plate. when operating in the shared mode, it is important thatsymmetry of connection be maintained as an assurance of optimum load sharing performance. thus, converter outputs should be connected to the load with equal lengths of wire of the same gauge and should be connected to a common physical point, preferably at the load along with the converter output and return leads. all converters in a paralleled set must have their share pins connected together. this arrangement is diagrammatically illustrated in figure iii. showing the output and return pins connected at a star point which is located as close as possible to the load. as a consequence of the topology utilized in the currentsharing circuit, the share pin may be used for other functions. in applications requiring only a single converter, the voltage appearing on the share pin may be used as a totall current monitor. the share pin open circuit voltage is nominally +1.00v at no load and increases linearly with increasing total output current to +2.20v at full load. note that the current we refer to here is the total output current, that is, the sum of the positive and negative output currents. 1 sil-pad is a registered trade mark of bergquist, minneapolis, mn thermal considerationssince the effectiveness of this heat transfer is dependent on the intimacy of the baseplate/heatsink interface, it is strongly recommended that a high thermal conductivity heat transferring medium is inserted between the baseplate and heatsink. the material most frequently utilized at the factory during all testing and burn-in processes is sold under the trade name of sil-pad ? 400 1 . this particular product is an insulator but electrically conductive versions are alsoavailable. use of these materials assures maximum surface contact with the heat dissipater thereby compensating for any minor surface variations. while other available types of heat conductive materials and thermal compounds provide similar effectiveness, these alternatives are often less convenient and can be somewhat messy to use. as an example, assume that it is desired to operate anahp27015d while holding the case temperature at t c +85c in an area where the ambient temperature is held toa constant +25c; then () p =? ? ?? ? ?? ? =? = 100 1 83 1 100 0 205 20 5 . .. w a = 60 80 20.5 in heat sink 0.85 ? ?? ? ?? ? ?= ? 143 2 30 563 . .. thus, a total heat sink surface area (including fins, if any) of56 in 2 in this example, would limit case rise to 60c above ambient. a flat aluminum plate, 0.25" thick and ofapproximate dimension 4" by 7" (28 in 2 per side) would suffice for this application in a still air environment. notethat to meet the criteria in this example, both sides of the plate require unrestricted exposure to the +25c ambient air. downloaded from: http:///
8 www.irf.com ahp270xxd series figure v. connection for v out adjustment input filterundervoltage lockout the ahp270xxd series converters incorporate a singlestage lc input filter whose elements dominate the input load impedance characteristic during the turn-on sequence. the input circuit is as shown in figure iv. figure iv. input filter circuit a minimum voltage is required at the input of the converterto initiate operation. this voltage is set to 150v 5.0v. to preclude the possibility of noise or other variations at theinput falsely initiating and halting converter operation, a hysteresis of approximately 10v is incorporated in this circuit. thus if the input voltage droops to 140v 5.0v, the converter will shut down and remain inoperative until the input voltagereturns to 150v. output voltage adjust connect r adj to + to increase, - to decrease by use of the trim pin (10), the magnitude of output voltagescan be adjusted over a limited range in either a positive or negative direction. connecting a resistor between the trim pin and either the output return or the positive output will raise or lower the magnitude of output voltages. the span of output voltage adjustment is restricted to the limits shown in table i. table 1. output voltage trim values and limits note that the nominal magnitude of output voltage resides inthe middle of the table and the corresponding resistor value is set to . to set the magnitude greater than nominal, the adjust resistor is connected to output return. to set themagnitude less than nominal, the adjust resistor is connected to the positive output. (refer to figure v.) for output voltage settings that are within the limits, butbetween those listed in table i, it is suggested that the resistor values be determined empirically by selection or by use of a variable resistor. the value thus determined can then be replaced with a good quality fixed resistor for permanent installation. when use of this adjust feature is elected, the user should be aware that the temperature performance of the converter output voltage will be affected by the temperature performance of the resistor selected as the adjustment element and therefore, is advised to employ resistors with a tight temperature coefficient of resistance. 8.4h pin 1 pin 2 0.54fd enable 2 share trim - vout return + vout to loads r adj ahp270xxd 7 12 + - ahp27005d AHP27012D ahp27015d v out r adj v out r adj v out r adj 5.5 0 12.5 0 15.5 0 5.4 12.5k 12.4 47.5k 15.4 62.5k 5.3 33.3k 12.3 127k 15.3 167k 5.2 75k 12.2 285k 15.2 375k 5.1 200k 12.1 760k 15.1 1.0m 5.0 12.0 15.0 4.9 190k 11.7 975k 14.6 1.2m 4.8 65k 11.3 288k 14.0 325k 4.7 23k 10.8 72.9k 13.5 117k 4.6 2.5k 10.6 29.9k 13.0 12.5k 4.583 0 10.417 0 12.917 0 input overvoltage protectionone additional protection feature is incorporated into the ahp input circuit. it is an input over-voltage protection. the output will shutdown and start at approximately 110% of the maximum rated input voltage. downloaded from: http:///
www.irf.com 9 ahp270xxd series mechanical outlines case x case w pin variation of case y 1.260 1.500 2.500 2.760 3.000 ? 0.128 0.2501.000 ref 0.200 typ non-cum 0.050 0.220 pin? 0.040 0.238 max 0.380 max 2.975 max 1 6 7 12 0.050 0.220 0.250 1.000 pin ? 0.040 0.525 0.380 max 2.800 0.42 case y case z pin variation of case y 1.500 1.750 2.500 0.25 typ 1.150 0.050 0.220 1 6 7 12 1.750 0.375 2.00 0.2501.000 ref 0.200 typ non-cum pin? 0.040 0.300 ? 0.140 0.238 max 0.380 max 2.975 max 0.050 0.220 0.2501.000 ref pin ? 0.040 0.525 0.380 max 2.800 0.36 ber yllia w arning : these converters are hermetically sealed; however they contain beo substrates and should not be ground or subjected to any o ther operations including exposure to acids, which may produce beryllium dust or fumes containing beryllium tolerances, unless otherwise specified: .xx = 0.010 .xxx = 0.005 downloaded from: http:///
10 www.irf.com ahp270xxd series pin designation pin # designation 1 + input 2 input return 3 case 4 enable 1 5s y n c o u t p u t 6s y n c i n p u t 7 + o u t p u t 8o u t p u t r e t u r n 9 - o u t p u t 10 output voltage trim 11 share 12 enable 2 world headquarters: 233 kansas st., el segundo, california 90245, tel: (310) 252-7105 ir santa clara: 2270 martin av., santa clara, california 95050, tel: (408) 727-0500 visit us at www.irf.com for sales contact information . data and specifications subject to change without notice. 12/2006 part numbering notes: best commercial practice sample tests at low and high temperatures -55c to +105c for ahe, ato, atw ahp 270 05 d x es model input voltage 28 = 28v 270 = 270v output voltage 05 = 5v 12 = 12v 15 = 15v output d = dual case style w, x, y, z screening level (please refer to screening table) no suffix, es, hb, ch device screening requirement mil-std-883 method no suffix es hb ch temperature range -20c to +85c -55c to +125c -55c to +125c -55c to +125c element evaluation mil-prf-38534 n/a n/a n/a class h non-destructive bond pull internal visual 2017 yes yes yes temperature cycle 1010 n/a cond b cond c cond c constant acceleration 2001, y1 axis n/a 500 gs 3000 gs 3000 gs pind 2020 n/a n/a n/a n/a burn-in 1015 n/a 48 hrs@hi temp 160 hrs@125c 160 hrs@125c final electrical mil-prf-38534 25c 25c -55c, +25c, -55c, +25c, ( group a ) & specification +125c +125c pda mil-prf-38534 n/a n/a n/a 10% seal, fine and gross 1014 cond a cond a, c cond a, c cond a, c radiographic 2012 n/a n/a n/a n/a external visual 2009 yes yes yes n/a n/a 2023 n/a n/a downloaded from: http:///

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